Oliver Eyton-Williams ee1e8abd87
feat(curriculum): restore seed + solution to Chinese (#40683)
* feat(tools): add seed/solution restore script

* chore(curriculum): remove empty sections' markers

* chore(curriculum): add seed + solution to Chinese

* chore: remove old formatter

* fix: update getChallenges

parse translated challenges separately, without reference to the source

* chore(curriculum): add dashedName to English

* chore(curriculum): add dashedName to Chinese

* refactor: remove unused challenge property 'name'

* fix: relax dashedName requirement

* fix: stray tag

Remove stray `pre` tag from challenge file.

Signed-off-by: nhcarrigan <nhcarrigan@gmail.com>

Co-authored-by: nhcarrigan <nhcarrigan@gmail.com>
2021-01-12 19:31:00 -07:00

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id, title, challengeType, videoUrl, dashedName
id title challengeType videoUrl dashedName
587d8255367417b2b2512c75 创建循环队列 1 create-a-circular-queue

--description--

在此挑战中,您将创建一个循环队列。循环队列基本上是一个写入集合末尾的队列,然后开始在集合开头写自己。这种类型的数据结构在某些情况下具有一些有用的应用。例如,循环队列可用于流媒体。队列填满后,新媒体数据就会开始覆盖旧数据。说明这个概念的一个好方法是使用数组:

[1,2,3,4,5]
^读@ 0
^写@ 0

这里的读写都在0 。现在队列获得3个新记录a bc 。我们的队列现在看起来像:

[abc4,5]
^读@ 0
^写@ 3

当读头读取时,它可以删除值或保留它们:

[nullnullnull4,5]
^阅读@ 3
^写@ 3

一旦写入到达数组的末尾,它就会循环回到开头:

[fnullnullde]
^阅读@ 3
^写@ 1

这种方法需要恒定的内存量,但允许处理更大尺寸的文件。说明:在此挑战中,我们将实现循环队列。循环队列应提供enqueuedequeue方法,允许您读取和写入队列。类本身也应该接受一个整数,您可以使用该整数在创建队列时指定队列的大小。我们已经在代码编辑器中为您编写了此类的起始版本。将项目排入队列时,写入指针应向前推进,并在到达队列末尾时循环回到开头。同样,当您使项目出列时,读指针应向前推进。不应允许写指针移过读指针(我们的类不会让你覆盖你还没有读过的数据),并且读指针不能超过你写的数据。此外,如果成功,则enqueue方法应返回您入enqueue的项,否则返回null 。类似地,当你使一个项目出列时,它应该被返回,如果你不能出列,你应该返回null

--hints--

enqueue方法将项添加到循环队列。

assert(
  (function () {
    var test = new CircularQueue(3);
    test.enqueue(17);
    test.enqueue(32);
    test.enqueue(591);
    var print = test.print();
    return print[0] === 17 && print[1] === 32 && print[2] === 591;
  })()
);

您不能通过读指针将项排入队列。

assert(
  (function () {
    var test = new CircularQueue(3);
    test.enqueue(17);
    test.enqueue(32);
    test.enqueue(591);
    test.enqueue(13);
    test.enqueue(25);
    test.enqueue(59);
    var print = test.print();
    return print[0] === 17 && print[1] === 32 && print[2] === 591;
  })()
);

dequeue方法使队列中的项目出列。

assert(
  (function () {
    var test = new CircularQueue(3);
    test.enqueue(17);
    test.enqueue(32);
    test.enqueue(591);
    return (
      test.dequeue() === 17 && test.dequeue() === 32 && test.dequeue() === 591
    );
  })()
);

项目出列后,其队列中的位置应重置为null

assert(
  (function () {
    var test = new CircularQueue(3);
    test.enqueue(17);
    test.enqueue(32);
    test.enqueue(672);
    test.dequeue();
    test.dequeue();
    var print = test.print();
    return print[0] === null && print[1] === null && print[2] === 672;
  })()
);

尝试通过写指针出列队列返回null并且不会使写指针前进。

assert(
  (function () {
    var test = new CircularQueue(3);
    test.enqueue(17);
    test.enqueue(32);
    test.enqueue(591);
    return (
      test.dequeue() === 17 &&
      test.dequeue() === 32 &&
      test.dequeue() === 591 &&
      test.dequeue() === null &&
      test.dequeue() === null &&
      test.dequeue() === null &&
      test.dequeue() === null &&
      test.enqueue(100) === 100 &&
      test.dequeue() === 100
    );
  })()
);

--seed--

--seed-contents--

class CircularQueue {
  constructor(size) {

    this.queue = [];
    this.read = 0;
    this.write = 0;
    this.max = size - 1;

    while (size > 0) {
      this.queue.push(null);
      size--;
    }
  }

  print() {
    return this.queue;
  }

  enqueue(item) {
    // Only change code below this line

    // Only change code above this line
  }

  dequeue() {
    // Only change code below this line

    // Only change code above this line
  }
}

--solutions--

class CircularQueue {
  constructor(size) {
    this.queue = [];
    this.read = 0;
    this.write = 0;
    this.max = size - 1;

    while (size > 0) {
      this.queue.push(null);
      size--;
    }
  }

  print() {
    return this.queue;
  }

  enqueue(item) {
    // Only change code below this line
    console.log(this.write, this.max);
    if (this.queue[this.write] === null) {
      this.queue[this.write++] = item;

      if (this.write > this.max) {
        this.write = 0;
      }
      return item;
    }
    return null;
    // Only change code above this line
  }

  dequeue() {
    // Only change code below this line
    if (this.queue[this.read] !== null) {
      let item = this.queue[this.read];
      this.queue[this.read++] = null;
      if (this.read > this.max) {
        this.read = 0;
      }
      return item;
    }
    return null;
    // Only change code above this line
  }
}