52 lines
2.0 KiB
Markdown
52 lines
2.0 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Basic Operations
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---
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# Basic Operations
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Java supports the following operations on variables:
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* __Arithmetic__ : `Addition (+)`, `Subtraction (-)`, `Multiplication (*)`, `Division (/)`, `Modulus (%)`,`Increment (++)`,`Decrement (--)`.
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* __String concatenation__: `+` can be used for String concatenation, but subtraction `-` on a String is not a valid operation.
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* __Relational__: `Equal to (==)`, `Not Equal to (!=)`, `Greater than (>)`, `Less than (<)`, `Greater than or equal to (>=)`, `Less than or equal to (<=)`
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* __Bitwise__: `Bitwise And (&)`, `Bitwise Or (|)`, `Bitwise XOR (^)`, `Bitwise Compliment (~)`, `Left shift (<<)`, `Right Shift (>>)`, `Zero fill right shift (>>>)`
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* __Logical__: `Logical And (&&)`, `Logical Or (||)`, `Logical Not (!)`
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* __Assignment__: `=`, `+=`, `-=`, `*=`, `/=`, `%=`, `<<=`, `>>=`, `&=`, `^=`, `|=`
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* __Others__: `Conditional/Ternary(?:)`, `instanceof`
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While most of the operations are self-explanatory, the Conditional (Ternary) Operator works as follows:
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`expression that results in boolean output ? return this value if true : return this value if false;`
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Example:
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True Condition:
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```java
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int x = 10;
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int y = (x == 10) ? 5 : 9; // y will equal 5 since the expression x == 10 evaluates to true
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```
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False Condition:
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```java
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int x = 25;
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int y = (x == 10) ? 5 : 9; // y will equal 9 since the expression x == 10 evaluates to false
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```
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The instance of operator is used for type checking. It can be used to test if an object is an instance of a class, a subclass or an interface. General format-
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*object **instance** of class/subclass/interface*
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Here is a program to illustrate instanecof operator:
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```Java
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Person obj1 = new Person();
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Person obj2 = new Boy();
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// As obj is of type person, it is not an
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// instance of Boy or interface
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System.out.println("obj1 instanceof Person: " + (obj1 instanceof Person)); /*it returns true since obj1 is an instance of person */
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```
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