80 lines
		
	
	
		
			2.5 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			80 lines
		
	
	
		
			2.5 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
| ---
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| id: 587d7fb1367417b2b2512bf4
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| title: 通过链式调用中间件来创建时间服务
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| challengeType: 2
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| forumTopicId: 301510
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| dashedName: chain-middleware-to-create-a-time-server
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| ---
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| 
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| # --description--
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| 
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| 使用 `app.METHOD(path, middlewareFunction)` 可以在指定的路由挂载中间件, 也可以在路由定义中链式调用中间件。
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| 
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| 请看以下示例:
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| 
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| ```js
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| app.get('/user', function(req, res, next) {
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|   req.user = getTheUserSync();  // Hypothetical synchronous operation
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|   next();
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| }, function(req, res) {
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|   res.send(req.user);
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| });
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| ```
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| 
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| 此方法可用于将服务操作拆分为较小的单元, 这可以让应用拥有更好的结构,也便于在不同的位置上复用代码; 此方法还可用于对数据执行某些验证。 可以在每一个中间件堆栈中,阻止当前链的执行,并将控制权传递给专门设计用于处理错误的函数; 或者可以将控制权传递给下一个匹配的路由,以处理特殊情况, 我们将在高级 Express 章节中看到这些内容。
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| 
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| # --instructions--
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| 
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| 在路由 `app.get('/now', ...)` 中链式调用中间件函数,并在最后处理。 在中间件函数中给请求对象中的 `req.time` 添加到当前时间, 可以使用 `new Date().toString()`, 在处理函数中,使用 `{time: req.time}` 结构的 JSON 对象来响应请求。
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| 
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| **注意:** 如果不链式调用中间件,测试将不能通过。 如果将中间件函数挂载在其他地方,即使输出结果正确,测试也会失败。
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| 
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| # --hints--
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| 
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| /now 接口应该已经挂载了中间件
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| 
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| ```js
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| (getUserInput) =>
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|   $.get(getUserInput('url') + '/_api/chain-middleware-time').then(
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|     (data) => {
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|       assert.equal(
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|         data.stackLength,
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|         2,
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|         '"/now" route has no mounted middleware'
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|       );
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|     },
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|     (xhr) => {
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|       throw new Error(xhr.responseText);
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|     }
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|   );
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| ```
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| 
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| /now 接口应该返回一个现在时间 +/-20 秒的时间
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| 
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| ```js
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| (getUserInput) =>
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|   $.get(getUserInput('url') + '/_api/chain-middleware-time').then(
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|     (data) => {
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|       var now = new Date();
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|       assert.isAtMost(
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|         Math.abs(new Date(data.time) - now),
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|         20000,
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|         'the returned time is not between +- 20 secs from now'
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|       );
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|     },
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|     (xhr) => {
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|       throw new Error(xhr.responseText);
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|     }
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|   );
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| ```
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| 
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| # --solutions--
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| 
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| ```js
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| /**
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|   Backend challenges don't need solutions, 
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|   because they would need to be tested against a full working project. 
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|   Please check our contributing guidelines to learn more.
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| */
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| ```
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