Files
freeCodeCamp/curriculum/challenges/chinese/03-front-end-development-libraries/react/set-state-with-this.setstate.md
Shaun Hamilton c2a11ad00d feat: add 'back/front end' in curriculum (#42596)
* chore: rename APIs and Microservices to include "Backend" (#42515)

* fix typo

* fix typo

* undo change

* Corrected grammar mistake

Corrected a grammar mistake by removing a comma.

* change APIs and Microservices cert title

* update title

* Change APIs and Microservices certi title

* Update translations.json

* update title

* feat(curriculum): rename apis and microservices cert

* rename folder structure

* rename certificate

* rename learn Markdown

* apis-and-microservices -> back-end-development-and-apis

* update backend meta

* update i18n langs and cypress test

Co-authored-by: Shaun Hamilton <shauhami020@gmail.com>

* fix: add development to front-end libraries (#42512)

* fix: added-the-word-Development-to-front-end-libraries

* fix/added-the-word-Development-to-front-end-libraries

* fix/added-word-development-to-front-end-libraries-in-other-related-files

* fix/added-the-word-Development-to-front-end-and-all-related-files

* fix/removed-typos-from-last-commit-in-index.md

* fix/reverted-changes-that-i-made-to-dependecies

* fix/removed xvfg

* fix/reverted changes that i made to package.json

* remove unwanted changes

* front-end-development-libraries changes

* rename backend certSlug and README

* update i18n folder names and keys

* test: add legacy path redirect tests

This uses serve.json from the client-config repo, since we currently use
that in production

* fix: create public dir before moving serve.json

* fix: add missing script

* refactor: collect redirect tests

* test: convert to cy.location for stricter tests

* rename certificate folder to 00-certificates

* change crowdin config to recognise new certificates location

* allow translations to be used

Co-authored-by: Nicholas Carrigan (he/him) <nhcarrigan@gmail.com>

* add forwards slashes to path redirects

* fix cypress path tests again

* plese cypress

* fix: test different challenge

Okay so I literally have no idea why this one particular challenge
fails in Cypress Firefox ONLY. Tom and I paired and spun a full build
instance and confirmed in Firefox the page loads and redirects as
expected. Changing to another bootstrap challenge passes Cypress firefox
locally. Absolutely boggled by this.

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

* fix: separate the test

Okay apparently the test does not work unless we separate it into
a different `it` statement.

>:( >:( >:( >:(

Co-authored-by: Sujal Gupta <55016909+heysujal@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Noor Fakhry <65724923+NoorFakhry@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Oliver Eyton-Williams <ojeytonwilliams@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Nicholas Carrigan (he/him) <nhcarrigan@gmail.com>
2021-08-13 21:57:13 -05:00

4.4 KiB
Raw Blame History

id, title, challengeType, forumTopicId, dashedName
id title challengeType forumTopicId dashedName
5a24c314108439a4d4036173 用 this.setState 设置状态 6 301412 set-state-with-this-setstate

--description--

前面的挑战涵盖了组件的 state 以及如何在 constructor 中初始化 state。 还有一种方法可以更改组件的 state React 提供了 setState 方法来更新组件的 state。 在组件类中调用 setState 方法如下所示:this.setState(),传入键值对的对象, 其中键是 state 属性,值是更新后的 state 数据。 例如,如果我们在 state 中存储 username,并想要更新它,代码如下所示:

this.setState({
  username: 'Lewis'
});

React 要求永远不要直接修改 state,而是在 state 发生改变时始终使用 this.setState()。 此外应该注意React 可以批量处理多个 state 更新以提高性能。 这意味着通过 setState 方法进行的 state 更新可以是异步的。 setState 方法有一种替代语法可以解决异步问题, 虽然这很少用到,但是最好还是记住它! 有关详细信息,请参阅React 文档

--instructions--

代码编辑器中有一个 button 元素,它有一个 onClick() 处理程序。 当 button 在浏览器中接收到单击事件时触发此处理程序,并运行 MyComponent 中定义的 handleClick 方法。 在 handleClick 方法中,使用 this.setState() 更新组件的 state。 设置 state 中的 name 属性为字符串 React Rocks!

单击按钮查看渲染的 state 的更新。 如果不完全理解单击处理程序代码在此时的工作方式,请不要担心。 在接下来的挑战中会有讲述。

--hints--

MyComponent 的 state 应该使用键值对 { name: Initial State } 来初始化。

assert(
  Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent)).state('name') ===
    'Initial State'
);

MyComponent 应该渲染一个 h1 标题。

assert(Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent)).find('h1').length === 1);

渲染的 h1 标题中应该包含一段文本,这段文本是从组件的 state 中渲染出来的。

async () => {
  const waitForIt = (fn) =>
    new Promise((resolve, reject) => setTimeout(() => resolve(fn()), 250));
  const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent));
  const first = () => {
    mockedComponent.setState({ name: 'TestName' });
    return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent.html());
  };
  const firstValue = await first();
  assert(/<h1>TestName<\/h1>/.test(firstValue));
};

调用 MyComponenthandleClick 方法应该将 state 的 name 属性设置为 React Rocks!

async () => {
  const waitForIt = (fn) =>
    new Promise((resolve, reject) => setTimeout(() => resolve(fn()), 250));
  const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent));
  const first = () => {
    mockedComponent.setState({ name: 'Before' });
    return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent.state('name'));
  };
  const second = () => {
    mockedComponent.instance().handleClick();
    return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent.state('name'));
  };
  const firstValue = await first();
  const secondValue = await second();
  assert(firstValue === 'Before' && secondValue === 'React Rocks!');
};

--seed--

--after-user-code--

ReactDOM.render(<MyComponent />, document.getElementById('root'))

--seed-contents--

class MyComponent extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = {
      name: 'Initial State'
    };
    this.handleClick = this.handleClick.bind(this);
  }
  handleClick() {
    // Change code below this line

    // Change code above this line
  }
  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <button onClick={this.handleClick}>Click Me</button>
        <h1>{this.state.name}</h1>
      </div>
    );
  }
};

--solutions--

class MyComponent extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = {
      name: 'Initial State'
    };
    this.handleClick = this.handleClick.bind(this);
  }
  handleClick() {
     // Change code below this line
    this.setState({
      name: 'React Rocks!'
    });
    // Change code above this line
  }
  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <button onClick = {this.handleClick}>Click Me</button>
        <h1>{this.state.name}</h1>
      </div>
    );
  }
};