122 lines
5.9 KiB
Markdown
122 lines
5.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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id: 587d8258367417b2b2512c81
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title: Delete a Node with One Child in a Binary Search Tree
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challengeType: 1
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videoUrl: ''
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localeTitle: 在二叉搜索树中删除具有一个子节点的节点
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---
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## Description
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<section id="description">现在我们可以删除叶子节点，让我们继续第二种情况：删除一个子节点。对于这种情况，假设我们有一棵树，其中包含以下节点1 - 2 - 3，其中1是根。要删除2，我们只需要在1到3中做出正确的引用。更一般地说，为了删除只有一个子节点的节点，我们将该节点的父引用作为树中的下一个节点。说明：我们在<code>remove</code>方法中提供了一些代码，用于完成上一次挑战中的任务。我们找到要删除的目标及其父节点，并定义目标节点具有的子节点数。让我们在这里为仅有一个子节点的目标节点添加下一个案例。在这里，我们必须确定单个子节点是树中的左或右分支，然后在父节点中设置正确的引用以指向此节点。另外，让我们考虑目标是根节点的情况（这意味着父节点将为<code>null</code> ）。只要通过测试，请随意用自己的代码替换所有入门代码。 </section>
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## Instructions
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<section id="instructions">
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</section>
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## Tests
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<section id='tests'>
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```yml
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tests:
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- text: 存在<code>BinarySearchTree</code>数据结构。
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testString: 'assert((function() { var test = false; if (typeof BinarySearchTree !== "undefined") { test = new BinarySearchTree() }; return (typeof test == "object")})(), "The <code>BinarySearchTree</code> data structure exists.");'
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- text: 二叉搜索树有一个名为<code>remove</code>的方法。
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testString: 'assert((function() { var test = false; if (typeof BinarySearchTree !== "undefined") { test = new BinarySearchTree() } else { return false; }; return (typeof test.remove == "function")})(), "The binary search tree has a method called <code>remove</code>.");'
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- text: 尝试删除不存在的元素将返回<code>null</code> 。
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testString: 'assert((function() { var test = false; if (typeof BinarySearchTree !== "undefined") { test = new BinarySearchTree() } else { return false; }; if (typeof test.remove !== "function") { return false; }; return (test.remove(100) == null); })(), "Trying to remove an element that does not exist returns <code>null</code>.");'
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- text: 如果根节点没有子节点，则删除它会将根节点设置为<code>null</code> 。
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testString: 'assert((function() { var test = false; if (typeof BinarySearchTree !== "undefined") { test = new BinarySearchTree() } else { return false; }; if (typeof test.remove !== "function") { return false; }; test.add(500); test.remove(500); return (test.inorder() == null); })(), "If the root node has no children, deleting it sets the root to <code>null</code>.");'
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- text: <code>remove</code>方法从树中删除叶节点
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testString: 'assert((function() { var test = false; if (typeof BinarySearchTree !== "undefined") { test = new BinarySearchTree() } else { return false; }; if (typeof test.remove !== "function") { return false; }; test.add(5); test.add(3); test.add(7); test.add(6); test.add(10); test.add(12); test.remove(3); test.remove(12); test.remove(10); return (test.inorder().join("") == "567"); })(), "The <code>remove</code> method removes leaf nodes from the tree");'
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- text: <code>remove</code>方法删除具有一个子节点的节点。
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testString: 'assert((function() { var test = false; if (typeof BinarySearchTree !== "undefined") { test = new BinarySearchTree() } else { return false; }; if (typeof test.remove !== "function") { return false; }; test.add(-1); test.add(3); test.add(7); test.add(16); test.remove(16); test.remove(7); test.remove(3); return (test.inorder().join("") == "-1"); })(), "The <code>remove</code> method removes nodes with one child.");'
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- text: 删除具有两个节点的树中的根将第二个节点设置为根。
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testString: 'assert((function() { var test = false; if (typeof BinarySearchTree !== "undefined") { test = new BinarySearchTree() } else { return false; }; if (typeof test.remove !== "function") { return false; }; test.add(15); test.add(27); test.remove(15); return (test.inorder().join("") == "27"); })(), "Removing the root in a tree with two nodes sets the second to be the root.");'
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```
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</section>
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## Challenge Seed
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<section id='challengeSeed'>
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<div id='js-seed'>
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```js
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var displayTree = (tree) => console.log(JSON.stringify(tree, null, 2));
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function Node(value) {
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this.value = value;
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this.left = null;
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this.right = null;
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}
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function BinarySearchTree() {
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this.root = null;
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this.remove = function(value) {
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if (this.root === null) {
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return null;
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}
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var target;
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var parent = null;
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// find the target value and its parent
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(function findValue(node = this.root) {
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if (value == node.value) {
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target = node;
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} else if (value < node.value && node.left !== null) {
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parent = node;
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return findValue(node.left);
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} else if (value < node.value && node.left === null) {
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return null;
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} else if (value > node.value && node.right !== null) {
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parent = node;
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return findValue(node.right);
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} else {
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return null;
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}
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}).bind(this)();
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if (target === null) {
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return null;
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}
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// count the children of the target to delete
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var children = (target.left !== null ? 1 : 0) + (target.right !== null ? 1 : 0);
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// case 1: target has no children
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if (children === 0) {
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if (target == this.root) {
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this.root = null;
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}
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else {
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if (parent.left == target) {
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parent.left = null;
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} else {
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parent.right = null;
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}
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}
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}
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// case 2: target has one child, change code below this line
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};
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}
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```
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</div>
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### After Test
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<div id='js-teardown'>
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```js
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console.info('after the test');
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```
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</div>
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</section>
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## Solution
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<section id='solution'>
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```js
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// solution required
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```
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</section>
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