95 lines
		
	
	
		
			2.4 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			95 lines
		
	
	
		
			2.4 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
| ---
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| title: Particle Sim
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| localeTitle: 粒子是的
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| ---
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| ## 画布中的粒子模拟
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| 
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| 在本指南中,我们将使用简单的动画原理在Canvas中构建基本粒子模拟。
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| 
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| 我们想要建立一个具有加速度和速度的粒子阵列。我们将在画布上的随机点创建100个粒子。
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| 
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| ```js
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| canvas = document.getElementById("canvas"); 
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|  ctx = canvas.getContext('2d'); 
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|  
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|  var particles = []; 
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|  for(var i=0; i<100; i++) { 
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|   particles.push( 
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|     { 
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|       x:Math.random()*canvas.width, 
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|       y:Math.random()*canvas.height, 
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|       vx:0, 
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|       vy:0, 
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|       ax:0, 
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|       ay:0 
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|     } 
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|   ); 
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|  } 
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| ```
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| 
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| 在我们的绘制循环中,我们渲染这些粒子。
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| 
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| ```js
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| function draw() { 
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|   ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height); 
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|   for(var i=0; i<particles.length; i++) { 
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|     // update state 
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|  
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|     // render state 
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|     ctx.beginPath(); 
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|     ctx.arc(particles[i].x, particles[i].y, 5, 0, 2*Math.PI); 
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|     ctx.fill(); 
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|   } 
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|  
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|   window.requestAnimationFrame(draw); 
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|  } 
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|  window.requestAnimationFrame(draw); 
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| ```
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| 
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| 现在,我们需要做的就是每帧更新速度和加速度。我们将加速度添加到速度并将速度添加到位置。
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| 
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| ```js
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| function draw() { 
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|   for(var i=0; i<particles.length; i++) { 
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|     // update state 
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|     particles[i].x+=particles[i].vx; 
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|     particles[i].y+=particles[i].vy; 
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|     particles[i].vx+=particles[i].ax; 
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|     particles[i].vy+=particles[i].ay; 
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|  
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|     /* render code */ 
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|   } 
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|  
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|   window.requestAnimationFrame(draw); 
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|  } 
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|  window.requestAnimationFrame(draw); 
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| ```
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| 
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| 而已!我们需要做的就是在某处创造一股力量。让我们用点击监听器来做。
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| 
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| ```js
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| canvas.addEventListener("click", function(e) { 
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|   var clickX = e.clientX-canvas.offsetLeft; 
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|   var clickY = e.clientY-canvas.offsetTop; 
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|   for(var i=0; i<particles.length; i++) { 
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|     var delx = particles[i].x-clickX; 
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|     var dely = particles[i].y-clickY; 
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|     var magnitudeSquared = Math.pow(delx, 2)+Math.pow(dely, 2); 
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|  
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|  
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|     particles[i].ax = 0.1*delx/magnitudeSquared; 
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|     particles[i].ay = 0.1*dely/magnitudeSquared; 
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|  
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|   } 
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|  }); 
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| ```
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| 
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| 这通过平方反比定律增加了力。有关详细信息,请参阅[此页面](#placeholder) 。
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| 
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| 就这样!最终的代码:
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| 
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| 见笔[粒子SIM(FCC)](https://codepen.io/alanluo/pen/OjMbpm/)由罗志祥( [@alanluo](https://codepen.io/alanluo)上) [CodePen](https://codepen.io) 。
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| 
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| #### 更多信息:
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| 
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| *   [MDN Canvas API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Canvas_API) |