179 lines
		
	
	
		
			5.4 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			179 lines
		
	
	
		
			5.4 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
| ---
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| title: Form Validation
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| localeTitle: 表格验证
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| ---
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| ## 表格验证
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| 
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| 在客户端输入所有必要数据然后按下“提交”按钮后,通常用于在服务器上进行的表单验证。如果数据 客户输入的内容不正确或只是丢失,服务器必须将所有数据发送回客户端并请求表单 重新提交正确的信息。这真是一个漫长的过程,曾经给服务器带来了很多负担。
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| 
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| JavaScript提供了一种在将客户端计算机上的数据发送到Web服务器之前验证其数据的方法。表单验证通常执行两次 功能:
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| 
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| ### 基本验证
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| 
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| 首先,必须检查表单以确保填写所有必填字段。它只需要循环遍历表单中的每个字段, 检查数据。
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| 
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| ### 数据格式验证
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| 
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| 其次,必须检查输入的数据的正确形式和值。您的代码必须包含适当的逻辑来测试数据的正确性。
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| 
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| #### 例:
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| 
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| ```html
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| 
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| <html> 
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|  
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|    <head> 
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|       <title>Form Validation</title> 
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|  
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|       <script type="text/javascript"> 
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|          <!-- 
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|             // Form validation code will come here. 
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|          //--> 
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|       </script> 
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|  
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|    </head> 
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|  
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|    <body> 
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|       <form action="/cgi-bin/test.cgi" name="myForm" onsubmit="return(validate());"> 
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|          <table cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2" border="1"> 
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|  
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|             <tr> 
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|                <td align="right">Name</td> 
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|                <td><input type="text" name="Name" /></td> 
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|             </tr> 
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|  
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|             <tr> 
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|                <td align="right">EMail</td> 
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|                <td><input type="text" name="EMail" /></td> 
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|             </tr> 
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|  
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|             <tr> 
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|                <td align="right">Zip Code</td> 
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|                <td><input type="text" name="Zip" /></td> 
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|             </tr> 
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|  
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|             <tr> 
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|                <td align="right">Country</td> 
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|                <td> 
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|                   <select name="Country"> 
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|                      <option value="-1" selected>[choose yours]</option> 
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|                      <option value="1">USA</option> 
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|                      <option value="2">UK</option> 
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|                      <option value="3">INDIA</option> 
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|                   </select> 
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|                </td> 
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|             </tr> 
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|  
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|             <tr> 
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|                <td align="right"></td> 
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|                <td><input type="submit" value="Submit" /></td> 
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|             </tr> 
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|  
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|          </table> 
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|       </form> 
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|  
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|    </body> 
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|  </html> 
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| ```
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| 
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| #### 产量
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| 
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| [在这里了解一下](https://liveweave.com/LP9eOP)
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| 
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| ### 基本表格验证
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| 
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| 首先让我们看看如何进行基本表单验证。在上面的表单中,我们调用validate()来在onsubmit事件发生时验证数据。该 以下代码显示了此`validate()`函数的实现。
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| 
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| ```html
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| 
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| <script type="text/javascript"> 
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|    // Form validation code will come here. 
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|    function validate() 
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|       { 
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|  
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|          if( document.myForm.Name.value == "" ) 
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|          { 
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|             alert( "Please provide your name!" ); 
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|             document.myForm.Name.focus() ; 
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|             return false; 
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|          } 
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|  
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|          if( document.myForm.EMail.value == "" ) 
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|          { 
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|             alert( "Please provide your Email!" ); 
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|             document.myForm.EMail.focus() ; 
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|             return false; 
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|          } 
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|  
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|          if( document.myForm.Zip.value == "" || 
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|          isNaN( document.myForm.Zip.value ) || 
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|          document.myForm.Zip.value.length != 5 ) 
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|          { 
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|             alert( "Please provide a zip in the format #####." ); 
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|             document.myForm.Zip.focus() ; 
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|             return false; 
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|          } 
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|  
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|          if( document.myForm.Country.value == "-1" ) 
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|          { 
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|             alert( "Please provide your country!" ); 
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|             return false; 
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|          } 
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|          return( true ); 
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|       } 
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|  </script> 
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| ```
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| 
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| #### 产量
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| 
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| [在这里了解一下](https://liveweave.com/pCPTnP)
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| 
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| ### 数据格式验证
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| 
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| 现在我们将看到如何在将输入的表单数据提交到Web服务器之前验证它们。
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| 
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| 以下示例显示如何验证输入的电子邮件地址。电子邮件地址必须至少包含“@”符号和点(。)。此外,'@'必须 不是电子邮件地址的第一个字符,最后一个点必须至少是“@”符号后面的一个字符。
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| 
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| #### 例:
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| 
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| ```html
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| 
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| <script type="text/javascript"> 
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|     function validateEmail() 
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|       { 
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|          var emailID = document.myForm.EMail.value; 
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|          atpos = emailID.indexOf("@"); 
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|          dotpos = emailID.lastIndexOf("."); 
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|  
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|          if (atpos < 1 || ( dotpos - atpos < 2 )) 
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|          { 
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|             alert("Please enter correct email ID") 
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|             document.myForm.EMail.focus() ; 
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|             return false; 
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|          } 
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|          return( true ); 
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|       } 
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|  </script> 
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| ```
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| 
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| #### 产量
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| 
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| [在这里了解一下](https://liveweave.com/nznVs6)
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| 
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| ### HTML5表单约束
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| 
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| `<input>`一些常用HTML5约束是`type`属性(例如`type="password"` ), `maxlength` , `required`和`disabled` 。少了 常用的约束是采用JavaScript正则表达式的`pattern` attrinute。
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| 
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| ### 验证库
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| 
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| 验证库的示例包括:
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| 
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| *   [Validate.js](http://rickharrison.github.com/validate.js/)
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| *   [验证](http://bassistance.de/jquery-plugins/jquery-plugin-validation/)
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| *   [Valid8](http://unwrongest.com/projects/valid8/)
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| 
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| ### 更多信息
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| 
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| *   [表格数据验证| MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/HTML/Forms/Form_validation)
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| *   [约束验证| MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/HTML/HTML5/Constraint_validation)
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| *   [Tutorialspoint](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/javascript/javascript_form_validations.htm) |