72 lines
		
	
	
		
			1.7 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			72 lines
		
	
	
		
			1.7 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
| ---
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| title: Object Instantiation
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| localeTitle: 对象实例化
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| ---
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| ## 对象实例化
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| 
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| 在Javascript和大多数其他语言中,对象包含一系列属性,这些属性是键值对。当您需要构造对象时,可以使用多个选项。
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| 
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| ### 初始化对象变量
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| 
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| 您可以创建具有预定义属性的对象,如下所示:
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| 
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| ```javascript
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| let myObject = { 
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|   name: "Dave", 
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|   age: 33 
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|  } 
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| ```
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| 
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| ### 创建一个空对象
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| 
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| 这会在myObject变量中创建一个空对象:
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| 
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| ```javascript
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| let myObject = new Object(); 
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| ```
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| 
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| 当您希望向对象添加属性时,只需使用点表示法或括号表示法以及您选择的属性名称:
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| 
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| ```javascript
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| myObject.name = "Johnny Mnemonic" 
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|  myObject["age"] = 55 
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| ```
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| 
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| ### 使用构造函数
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| 
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| 您可以定义可用于创建对象的构造函数:
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| 
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| ```javascript
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| function Kitten(name, cute, color) { 
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|   this.name = name, 
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|   this.cute = cute, 
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|   this.color = color 
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|  } 
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| ```
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| 
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| 您可以通过调用构造函数来定义包含此对象实例化的变量:
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| 
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| ```javascript
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| let myKitten = new Kitten("Nibbles", true, "white") 
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| ```
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| 
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| ### 的Object.create()
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| 
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| Object.create()方法(首先在ECMAScript 5.1中定义)允许您创建对象。它允许您为新对象选择原型对象,而无需事先定义构造函数。
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| 
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| ```javascript
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| // Our pre-defined object 
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|  let kitten = { 
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|   name: "Fluff", 
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|   cute: true, 
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|   color: "gray" 
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|  } 
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|  // Create a new object using Object.create(). kitten is used as the prototype 
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|  let newKitten = Object.create(kitten) 
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|  
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|  console.log(newKitten.name) // Will output "Fluff" 
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| ```
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| 
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| #### 更多信息
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| 
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| [关于使用对象的MDN文章](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_Objects) |