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a8355988b2 #590 add explanation for caching pattern 2021-03-28 12:49:11 +03:00
534 changed files with 821 additions and 13810 deletions

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@ -1132,8 +1132,7 @@
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@ -40,26 +40,25 @@ jobs:
steps:
- name: Checkout Code
uses: actions/checkout@v2
uses: actions/checkout@master
with:
# Disabling shallow clone for improving relevancy of SonarQube reporting
fetch-depth: 0
- name: Set up JDK 11
uses: actions/setup-java@v2
uses: actions/setup-java@master
with:
java-version: 11
distribution: 'adopt'
- name: Cache SonarCloud packages
uses: actions/cache@v2
uses: actions/cache@master
with:
path: ~/.sonar/cache
key: ${{ runner.os }}-sonar
restore-keys: ${{ runner.os }}-sonar
- name: Cache Maven dependencies
uses: actions/cache@v2
uses: actions/cache@master
with:
path: ~/.m2/repository
key: ${{ runner.os }}-maven-${{ hashFiles('**/pom.xml') }}

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@ -38,16 +38,15 @@ jobs:
steps:
- name: Checkout Code
uses: actions/checkout@v2
uses: actions/checkout@master
- name: Set up JDK 11
uses: actions/setup-java@v2
uses: actions/setup-java@master
with:
java-version: 11
distribution: 'adopt'
- name: Cache Maven Dependecies
uses: actions/cache@v2
uses: actions/cache@master
with:
path: ~/.m2/repository
key: ${{ runner.os }}-maven-${{ hashFiles('**/pom.xml') }}

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
The MIT License (MIT)
Copyright <EFBFBD> 2014-2021 Ilkka Sepp<EFBFBD>l<EFBFBD>
Copyright (c) 2014-2021 Ilkka Seppälä
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
@ -19,6 +19,3 @@ AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
Module Model-view-viewmodel is using ZK framework
ZK framework is licensed under LGPL and the license can be found at lgpl-3.0.txt

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@ -6,16 +6,16 @@
![Java CI](https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/workflows/Java%20CI/badge.svg)
[![License MIT](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-blue.svg)](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/master/LICENSE.md)
[![Lines of Code](https://sonarcloud.io/api/project_badges/measure?project=iluwatar_java-design-patterns&metric=ncloc)](https://sonarcloud.io/dashboard?id=iluwatar_java-design-patterns)
[![Lines of Code](https://sonarcloud.io/api/project_badges/measure?project=iluwatar_java-design-patterns&metric=ncloc)](https://sonarcloud.io/dashboard?id=iluwatar_java-design-patterns)
[![Coverage](https://sonarcloud.io/api/project_badges/measure?project=iluwatar_java-design-patterns&metric=coverage)](https://sonarcloud.io/dashboard?id=iluwatar_java-design-patterns)
[![Join the chat at https://gitter.im/iluwatar/java-design-patterns](https://badges.gitter.im/Join%20Chat.svg)](https://gitter.im/iluwatar/java-design-patterns?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
<!-- ALL-CONTRIBUTORS-BADGE:START - Do not remove or modify this section -->
[![All Contributors](https://img.shields.io/badge/all_contributors-179-orange.svg?style=flat-square)](#contributors-)
[![All Contributors](https://img.shields.io/badge/all_contributors-159-orange.svg?style=flat-square)](#contributors-)
<!-- ALL-CONTRIBUTORS-BADGE:END -->
<br/>
Read in different language : [**zh**](localization/zh/README.md), [**ko**](localization/ko/README.md), [**fr**](localization/fr/README.md), [**tr**](localization/tr/README.md), [**ar**](localization/ar/README.md), [**es**](localization/es/README.md), [**pt**](localization/pt/README.md), [**id**](localization/id/README.md), [**ru**](localization/ru/README.md)
Read in different language : [![CN](/assets/flags/CN.png)**CN**](/zh/README.md), [![KR](/assets/flags/KR.png)**KR**](/ko/README.md), [![FR](/assets/flags/FR.png)**FR**](/fr/README.md), [![TR](/assets/flags/TR.png)**TR**](/tr/README.md), [![AR](/assets/flags/AR.png)**AR**](/ar/README.md)
<br/>
@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ are familiar with the patterns.
# Getting started
This site showcases Java Design Patterns. The solutions have been developed by
experienced programmers and architects from the open source community. The
experienced programmers and architects from the open source community. The
patterns can be browsed by their high level descriptions or by looking at their
source code. The source code examples are well commented and can be thought as
programming tutorials on how to implement a specific pattern. We use the most
@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ patterns should only be introduced when they are needed for practical
extensibility.
Once you are familiar with these concepts you can start drilling down into the
[available design patterns](https://java-design-patterns.com/patterns/) by any
[available design patterns](https://java-design-patterns.com/patterns/) by any
of the following approaches
- Search for a specific pattern by name. Can't find one? Please report a new pattern [here](https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/issues).
@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ in your architectures and have as much fun learning them as we had developing th
# How to contribute
If you are willing to contribute to the project you will find the relevant information in
our [developer wiki](https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/wiki). We will help
If you are willing to contribute to the project you will find the relevant information in
our [developer wiki](https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/wiki). We will help
you and answer your questions in the [Gitter chatroom](https://gitter.im/iluwatar/java-design-patterns).
# License
@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ This project is licensed under the terms of the MIT license.
<td align="center"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/ashish-trivedi-218379135/"><img src="https://avatars3.githubusercontent.com/u/23194128?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Ashish Trivedi</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=ashishtrivedi16" title="Code">💻</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://rayyounghong.com"><img src="https://avatars1.githubusercontent.com/u/41055099?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>洪月阳</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=RayYH" title="Code">💻</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://xdvrx1.github.io/"><img src="https://avatars0.githubusercontent.com/u/47092464?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>xdvrx1</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/pulls?q=is%3Apr+reviewed-by%3Axdvrx1" title="Reviewed Pull Requests">👀</a> <a href="#ideas-xdvrx1" title="Ideas, Planning, & Feedback">🤔</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="http://subho.xyz"><img src="https://avatars0.githubusercontent.com/u/13291222?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Subhrodip Mohanta</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=ohbus" title="Code">💻</a> <a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/pulls?q=is%3Apr+reviewed-by%3Aohbus" title="Reviewed Pull Requests">👀</a> <a href="#maintenance-ohbus" title="Maintenance">🚧</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="http://subho.xyz"><img src="https://avatars0.githubusercontent.com/u/13291222?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Subhrodip Mohanta</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=ohbus" title="Code">💻</a> <a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/pulls?q=is%3Apr+reviewed-by%3Aohbus" title="Reviewed Pull Requests">👀</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/nahteb"><img src="https://avatars3.githubusercontent.com/u/13121570?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Bethan Palmer</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=nahteb" title="Code">💻</a></td>
@ -313,36 +313,6 @@ This project is licensed under the terms of the MIT license.
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/noamgrinch"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/31648669?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Noam Greenshtain</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=noamgrinch" title="Code">💻</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://xuyonghong.cn/"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/14086462?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>yonghong Xu</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=qfxl" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/jinisha-vora"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/40777762?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>jinishavora</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/pulls?q=is%3Apr+reviewed-by%3Ajinishavora" title="Reviewed Pull Requests">👀</a> <a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=jinishavora" title="Code">💻</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/eas5"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/50836521?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Elvys Soares</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=eas5" title="Code">💻</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/zWeBrain"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/46642512?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>zWeBrain</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=zWeBrain" title="Code">💻</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://al-assad.github.io/notion/"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/22493821?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>余林颖</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#translation-Al-assad" title="Translation">🌍</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/STudio26"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/6988911?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Alain</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#translation-STudio26" title="Translation">🌍</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/DEV-VRUPER"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/30525467?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>VR</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=DEV-VRUPER" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/JackieNim"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/4138836?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>JackieNim</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=JackieNim" title="Code">💻</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/EdisonE3"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/52118917?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>EdisonE3</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=EdisonE3" title="Code">💻</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/tao-sun2"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/66189688?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Tao</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=tao-sun2" title="Code">💻</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/JuanManuelAbate"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/16357060?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Juan Manuel Abate</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#translation-JuanManuelAbate" title="Translation">🌍</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/Xenilo137"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/24865069?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Xenilo137</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=Xenilo137" title="Code">💻</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/souzasamuel/"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/17254162?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Samuel Souza</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=samuelpsouza" title="Code">💻</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/marlo2222"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/40809563?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Marlo Henrique</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#translation-marlo2222" title="Translation">🌍</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/AndriyPyzh"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/57706635?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>AndriyPyzh</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=AndriyPyzh" title="Code">💻</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/karthikbhat13"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/22431014?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>karthikbhat13</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=karthikbhat13" title="Code">💻</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/mortezaadi"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1329687?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Morteza Adigozalpour</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=mortezaadi" title="Code">💻</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/users/308565/nagaraj-tantri"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/3784194?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Nagaraj Tantri</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=tan31989" title="Code">💻</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="http://scuccimarri.it"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/7107651?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Francesco Scuccimarri</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=frascu" title="Code">💻</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/Conhan93"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/71334757?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Conny Hansson</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=Conhan93" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="http://muklasr.medium.com"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/43443753?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Muklas Rahmanto</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#translation-muklasr" title="Translation">🌍</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/VxDxK"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/38704817?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Vadim</b></sub></a><br /><a href="#translation-VxDxK" title="Translation">🌍</a></td>
</tr>
</table>

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@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Abstract Document
folder: abstract-document
permalink: /patterns/abstract-document/
categories: Structural
language: en
tags:
- Extensibility
---

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@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
<parent>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>abstract-document</artifactId>
<dependencies>

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@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Abstract Factory
folder: abstract-factory
permalink: /patterns/abstract-factory/
categories: Creational
language: en
tags:
- Gang of Four
---
@ -20,9 +19,9 @@ objects without specifying their concrete classes.
## Explanation
Real-world example
Real world example
> To create a kingdom we need objects with a common theme. The elven kingdom needs an elven king, elven castle, and elven army whereas the orcish kingdom needs an orcish king, orcish castle, and orcish army. There is a dependency between the objects in the kingdom.
> To create a kingdom we need objects with a common theme. Elven kingdom needs an Elven king, Elven castle and Elven army whereas Orcish kingdom needs an Orcish king, Orcish castle and Orcish army. There is a dependency between the objects in the kingdom.
In plain words
@ -34,7 +33,7 @@ Wikipedia says
**Programmatic Example**
Translating the kingdom example above. First of all, we have some interfaces and implementation for the objects in the
Translating the kingdom example above. First of all we have some interfaces and implementation for the objects in the
kingdom.
```java
@ -52,21 +51,21 @@ public interface Army {
// Elven implementations ->
public class ElfCastle implements Castle {
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the elven castle!";
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the Elven castle!";
@Override
public String getDescription() {
return DESCRIPTION;
}
}
public class ElfKing implements King {
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the elven king!";
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the Elven king!";
@Override
public String getDescription() {
return DESCRIPTION;
}
}
public class ElfArmy implements Army {
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the elven Army!";
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the Elven Army!";
@Override
public String getDescription() {
return DESCRIPTION;
@ -77,7 +76,7 @@ public class ElfArmy implements Army {
```
Then we have the abstraction and implementations for the kingdom factory.
Then we have the abstraction and implementations for the kingdom factory
```java
public interface KingdomFactory {
@ -111,7 +110,7 @@ public class OrcKingdomFactory implements KingdomFactory {
}
```
Now we have the abstract factory that lets us make a family of related objects i.e. elven kingdom factory creates elven castle, king and army, etc.
Now we have our abstract factory that lets us make family of related objects i.e. Elven kingdom factory creates Elven castle, king and army etc.
```java
var factory = new ElfKingdomFactory();
@ -127,13 +126,13 @@ army.getDescription();
Program output:
```java
This is the elven castle!
This is the elven king!
This is the elven Army!
This is the Elven castle!
This is the Elven king!
This is the Elven Army!
```
Now, we can design a factory for our different kingdom factories. In this example, we created `FactoryMaker`, responsible for returning an instance of either `ElfKingdomFactory` or `OrcKingdomFactory`.
The client can use `FactoryMaker` to create the desired concrete factory which, in turn, will produce different concrete objects (derived from `Army`, `King`, `Castle`).
Now, we can design a factory for our different kingdom factories. In this example, we created FactoryMaker, responsible for returning an instance of either ElfKingdomFactory or OrcKingdomFactory.
The client can use FactoryMaker to create the desired concrete factory which, in turn, will produce different concrete objects (Army, King, Castle).
In this example, we also used an enum to parameterize which type of kingdom factory the client will ask for.
```java
@ -179,8 +178,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
Use the Abstract Factory pattern when
* The system should be independent of how its products are created, composed, and represented
* The system should be configured with one of the multiple families of products
* The system should be independent of how its products are created, composed and represented
* The system should be configured with one of multiple families of products
* The family of related product objects is designed to be used together, and you need to enforce this constraint
* You want to provide a class library of products, and you want to reveal just their interfaces, not their implementations
* The lifetime of the dependency is conceptually shorter than the lifetime of the consumer.
@ -196,13 +195,13 @@ Example use cases
* Unit test case writing becomes much easier
* UI tools for different OS
## Consequences
## Consequences:
* Dependency injection in java hides the service class dependencies that can lead to runtime errors that would have been caught at compile time.
* While the pattern is great when creating predefined objects, adding the new ones might be challenging.
* The code becomes more complicated than it should be since a lot of new interfaces and classes are introduced along with the pattern.
* The code becomes more complicated than it should be, since a lot of new interfaces and classes are introduced along with the pattern.
## Tutorials
## Tutorial
* [Abstract Factory Pattern Tutorial](https://www.journaldev.com/1418/abstract-factory-design-pattern-in-java)

View File

@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>abstract-factory</artifactId>
<dependencies>

View File

@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
*
* <p>The essence of the Abstract Factory pattern is a factory interface ({@link KingdomFactory})
* and its implementations ( {@link ElfKingdomFactory}, {@link OrcKingdomFactory}). The example uses
* both concrete implementations to create a king, a castle, and an army.
* both concrete implementations to create a king, a castle and an army.
*/
@Slf4j
public class App implements Runnable {
@ -60,13 +60,13 @@ public class App implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
LOGGER.info("elf kingdom");
LOGGER.info("Elf Kingdom");
createKingdom(Kingdom.FactoryMaker.KingdomType.ELF);
LOGGER.info(kingdom.getArmy().getDescription());
LOGGER.info(kingdom.getCastle().getDescription());
LOGGER.info(kingdom.getKing().getDescription());
LOGGER.info("orc kingdom");
LOGGER.info("Orc Kingdom");
createKingdom(Kingdom.FactoryMaker.KingdomType.ORC);
LOGGER.info(kingdom.getArmy().getDescription());
LOGGER.info(kingdom.getCastle().getDescription());

View File

@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ package com.iluwatar.abstractfactory;
*/
public class ElfArmy implements Army {
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the elven army!";
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the Elven Army!";
@Override
public String getDescription() {

View File

@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ package com.iluwatar.abstractfactory;
*/
public class ElfCastle implements Castle {
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the elven castle!";
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the Elven castle!";
@Override
public String getDescription() {

View File

@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ package com.iluwatar.abstractfactory;
*/
public class ElfKing implements King {
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the elven king!";
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the Elven king!";
@Override
public String getDescription() {

View File

@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ package com.iluwatar.abstractfactory;
*/
public class OrcArmy implements Army {
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the orc army!";
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the Orc Army!";
@Override
public String getDescription() {

View File

@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ package com.iluwatar.abstractfactory;
*/
public class OrcCastle implements Castle {
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the orc castle!";
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the Orc castle!";
@Override
public String getDescription() {

View File

@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ package com.iluwatar.abstractfactory;
*/
public class OrcKing implements King {
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the orc king!";
static final String DESCRIPTION = "This is the Orc king!";
@Override
public String getDescription() {

View File

@ -29,14 +29,14 @@ import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
/**
* Tests for abstract factory.
* Test for abstract factory.
*/
class AbstractFactoryTest {
private final App app = new App();
@Test
void verifyKingCreation() {
void king() {
app.createKingdom(Kingdom.FactoryMaker.KingdomType.ELF);
final var kingdom = app.getKingdom();
@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class AbstractFactoryTest {
}
@Test
void verifyCastleCreation() {
void castle() {
app.createKingdom(Kingdom.FactoryMaker.KingdomType.ELF);
final var kingdom = app.getKingdom();
@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ class AbstractFactoryTest {
}
@Test
void verifyArmyCreation() {
void army() {
app.createKingdom(Kingdom.FactoryMaker.KingdomType.ELF);
final var kingdom = app.getKingdom();
@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ class AbstractFactoryTest {
}
@Test
void verifyElfKingdomCreation() {
void createElfKingdom() {
app.createKingdom(Kingdom.FactoryMaker.KingdomType.ELF);
final var kingdom = app.getKingdom();
@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ class AbstractFactoryTest {
}
@Test
void verifyOrcKingdomCreation() {
void createOrcKingdom() {
app.createKingdom(Kingdom.FactoryMaker.KingdomType.ORC);
final var kingdom = app.getKingdom();

View File

@ -28,7 +28,10 @@ import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow;
/**
* Check whether the execution of the main method in {@link App} throws an exception.
* Issue: Add at least one assertion to this test case.
*
* Solution: Inserted assertion to check whether the execution of the main method in {@link App}
* throws an exception.
*/
class AppTest {

View File

@ -4,14 +4,13 @@ title: Active Object
folder: active-object
permalink: /patterns/active-object/
categories: Concurrency
language: en
tags:
- Performance
---
## Intent
The active object design pattern decouples method execution from method invocation for objects that each reside in their thread of control. The goal is to introduce concurrency, by using asynchronous method invocation, and a scheduler for handling requests.
The active object design pattern decouples method execution from method invocation for objects that each reside in their thread of control. The goal is to introduce concurrency, by using asynchronous method invocation and a scheduler for handling requests.
## Explanation
@ -70,7 +69,7 @@ public abstract class ActiveCreature{
requests.put(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
logger.info("{} has started to roam the wastelands.",name());
logger.info("{} has started to roam and the wastelands.",name());
}
}
);
@ -82,7 +81,7 @@ public abstract class ActiveCreature{
}
```
We can see that any class that will extend the ActiveCreature class will have its own thread of control to invoke and execute methods.
We can see that any class that will extend the ActiveCreature class will have its own thread of control to execute and invocate methods.
For example, the Orc class:
@ -96,7 +95,7 @@ public class Orc extends ActiveCreature {
}
```
Now, we can create multiple creatures such as Orcs, tell them to eat and roam, and they will execute it on their own thread of control:
Now, we can create multiple creatures such as Orcs, tell them to eat and roam and they will execute it on their own thread of control:
```java
public static void main(String[] args) {
@ -123,4 +122,4 @@ Now, we can create multiple creatures such as Orcs, tell them to eat and roam, a
## Class diagram
![alt text](./etc/active-object.urm.png "Active Object class diagram")
![alt text](./etc/active-object.urm.PNG "Active Object class diagram")

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@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>active-object</artifactId>
<dependencies>

View File

@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public abstract class ActiveCreature {
}
/**
* Roam the wastelands.
* Roam in the wastelands.
* @throws InterruptedException due to firing a new Runnable.
*/
public void roam() throws InterruptedException {

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Acyclic Visitor
folder: acyclic-visitor
permalink: /patterns/acyclic-visitor/
categories: Behavioral
language: en
tags:
- Extensibility
---

View File

@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>acyclic-visitor</artifactId>

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Adapter
folder: adapter
permalink: /patterns/adapter/
categories: Structural
language: en
tags:
- Gang of Four
---
@ -105,7 +104,7 @@ Use the Adapter pattern when
* you need to use several existing subclasses, but it's impractical to adapt their interface by subclassing every one. An object adapter can adapt the interface of its parent class.
* most of the applications using third party libraries use adapters as a middle layer between the application and the 3rd party library to decouple the application from the library. If another library has to be used only an adapter for the new library is required without having to change the application code.
## Consequences
## Consequences:
Class and object adapters have different trade-offs. A class adapter
* adapts Adaptee to Target by committing to a concrete Adaptee class. As a consequence, a class adapter wont work when we want to adapt a class and all its subclasses.
@ -118,7 +117,7 @@ An object adapter
* makes it harder to override Adaptee behavior. It will require subclassing Adaptee and making Adapter refer to the subclass rather than the Adaptee itself.
## Known uses
## Real world examples
* [java.util.Arrays#asList()](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Arrays.html#asList%28T...%29)
* [java.util.Collections#list()](https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Collections.html#list-java.util.Enumeration-)

View File

@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>adapter</artifactId>
<dependencies>

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Aggregator Microservices
folder: aggregator-microservices
permalink: /patterns/aggregator-microservices/
categories: Architectural
language: en
tags:
- Cloud distributed
- Decoupling

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<artifactId>aggregator-microservices</artifactId>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>aggregator-service</artifactId>

View File

@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class AggregatorTest {
@BeforeEach
public void setup() {
MockitoAnnotations.openMocks(this);
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
}
/**

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<artifactId>aggregator-microservices</artifactId>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<artifactId>aggregator-microservices</artifactId>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>inventory-microservice</artifactId>

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>aggregator-microservices</artifactId>

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Ambassador
folder: ambassador
permalink: /patterns/ambassador/
categories: Structural
language: en
tags:
- Decoupling
- Cloud distributed

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>ambassador</artifactId>

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: API Gateway
folder: api-gateway
permalink: /patterns/api-gateway/
categories: Architectural
language: en
tags:
- Cloud distributed
- Decoupling

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<artifactId>api-gateway</artifactId>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>api-gateway-service</artifactId>

View File

@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class ApiGatewayTest {
@BeforeEach
public void setup() {
MockitoAnnotations.openMocks(this);
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
}
/**

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<artifactId>api-gateway</artifactId>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>image-microservice</artifactId>

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>api-gateway</artifactId>

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<artifactId>api-gateway</artifactId>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Arrange/Act/Assert
folder: arrange-act-assert
permalink: /patterns/arrange-act-assert/
categories: Idiom
language: en
tags:
- Testing
---

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

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@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Async Method Invocation
folder: async-method-invocation
permalink: /patterns/async-method-invocation/
categories: Concurrency
language: en
tags:
- Reactive
---

View File

@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>async-method-invocation</artifactId>
<dependencies>

View File

@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ class ThreadAsyncExecutorTest {
@BeforeEach
void setUp() {
MockitoAnnotations.openMocks(this);
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
}
/**

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@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Balking
folder: balking
permalink: /patterns/balking/
categories: Concurrency
language: en
tags:
- Decoupling
---

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Bridge
folder: bridge
permalink: /patterns/bridge/
categories: Structural
language: en
tags:
- Gang of Four
---
@ -19,7 +18,7 @@ Decouple an abstraction from its implementation so that the two can vary indepen
## Explanation
Real-world example
Real world example
> Consider you have a weapon with different enchantments, and you are supposed to allow mixing
> different weapons with different enchantments. What would you do? Create multiple copies of each
@ -161,36 +160,27 @@ public class SoulEatingEnchantment implements Enchantment {
Here are both hierarchies in action:
```java
LOGGER.info("The knight receives an enchanted sword.");
var enchantedSword = new Sword(new SoulEatingEnchantment());
enchantedSword.wield();
enchantedSword.swing();
enchantedSword.unwield();
// The sword is wielded.
// The item spreads bloodlust.
// The sword is swinged.
// The item eats the soul of enemies.
// The sword is unwielded.
// Bloodlust slowly disappears.
LOGGER.info("The valkyrie receives an enchanted hammer.");
var hammer = new Hammer(new FlyingEnchantment());
hammer.wield();
hammer.swing();
hammer.unwield();
```
Here's the console output.
```
The knight receives an enchanted sword.
The sword is wielded.
The item spreads bloodlust.
The sword is swung.
The item eats the soul of enemies.
The sword is unwielded.
Bloodlust slowly disappears.
The valkyrie receives an enchanted hammer.
The hammer is wielded.
The item begins to glow faintly.
The hammer is swung.
The item flies and strikes the enemies finally returning to owner's hand.
The hammer is unwielded.
The item's glow fades.
// The hammer is wielded.
// The item begins to glow faintly.
// The hammer is swinged.
// The item flies and strikes the enemies finally returning to owner's hand.
// The hammer is unwielded.
// The item's glow fades.
```
## Class diagram

View File

@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>bridge</artifactId>
<dependencies>

View File

@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public class Hammer implements Weapon {
@Override
public void swing() {
LOGGER.info("The hammer is swung.");
LOGGER.info("The hammer is swinged.");
enchantment.apply();
}

View File

@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public class Sword implements Weapon {
@Override
public void swing() {
LOGGER.info("The sword is swung.");
LOGGER.info("The sword is swinged.");
enchantment.apply();
}

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Builder
folder: builder
permalink: /patterns/builder/
categories: Creational
language: en
tags:
- Gang of Four
---
@ -16,11 +15,11 @@ process can create different representations.
## Explanation
Real-world example
Real world example
> Imagine a character generator for a role-playing game. The easiest option is to let the computer
> create the character for you. If you want to manually select the character details like
> profession, gender, hair color, etc. the character generation becomes a step-by-step process that
> profession, gender, hair color etc. the character generation becomes a step-by-step process that
> completes when all the selections are ready.
In plain words
@ -49,7 +48,7 @@ anti-pattern.
**Programmatic Example**
The sane alternative is to use the Builder pattern. First of all, we have our hero that we want to
The sane alternative is to use the Builder pattern. First of all we have our hero that we want to
create:
```java
@ -134,7 +133,7 @@ Use the Builder pattern when
* The algorithm for creating a complex object should be independent of the parts that make up the object and how they're assembled
* The construction process must allow different representations for the object that's constructed
## Known uses
## Real world examples
* [java.lang.StringBuilder](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/StringBuilder.html)
* [java.nio.ByteBuffer](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/nio/ByteBuffer.html#put-byte-) as well as similar buffers such as FloatBuffer, IntBuffer and so on.

View File

@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>builder</artifactId>
<dependencies>

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Business Delegate
folder: business-delegate
permalink: /patterns/business-delegate/
categories: Structural
language: en
tags:
- Decoupling
---

View File

@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>business-delegate</artifactId>
<dependencies>

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Bytecode
folder: bytecode
permalink: /patterns/bytecode/
categories: Behavioral
language: en
tags:
- Game programming
---

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Caching
folder: caching
permalink: /patterns/caching/
categories: Behavioral
language: en
tags:
- Performance
- Cloud distributed

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>caching</artifactId>
<dependencies>

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Callback
folder: callback
permalink: /patterns/callback/
categories: Idiom
language: en
tags:
- Reactive
---

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>callback</artifactId>
<dependencies>

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@ -1,26 +1,24 @@
---
layout: pattern
title: Chain of responsibility
folder: chain-of-responsibility
permalink: /patterns/chain-of-responsibility/
folder: chain
permalink: /patterns/chain/
categories: Behavioral
language: en
tags:
- Gang of Four
---
## Intent
Avoid coupling the sender of a request to its receiver by giving more than one object a chance to
handle the request. Chain the receiving objects and pass the request along the chain until an object
handles it.
## Explanation
Real-world example
Real world example
> The Orc King gives loud orders to his army. The closest one to react is the commander, then
> an officer, and then a soldier. The commander, officer, and soldier form a chain of responsibility.
> officer and then soldier. The commander, officer and soldier here form a chain of responsibility.
In plain words
@ -36,7 +34,7 @@ Wikipedia says
**Programmatic Example**
Translating our example with the orcs from above. First, we have the `Request` class:
Translating our example with the orcs from above. First we have the `Request` class:
```java
public class Request {
@ -67,7 +65,7 @@ public enum RequestType {
}
```
Next, we show the request handler hierarchy.
Then the request handler hierarchy
```java
@Slf4j
@ -117,7 +115,7 @@ public class OrcCommander extends RequestHandler {
```
The Orc King gives the orders and forms the chain.
Then we have the Orc King who gives the orders and forms the chain
```java
public class OrcKing {
@ -137,26 +135,18 @@ public class OrcKing {
}
```
The chain of responsibility in action.
Then it is used as follows
```java
var king = new OrcKing();
king.makeRequest(new Request(RequestType.DEFEND_CASTLE, "defend castle"));
king.makeRequest(new Request(RequestType.TORTURE_PRISONER, "torture prisoner"));
king.makeRequest(new Request(RequestType.COLLECT_TAX, "collect tax"));
```
The console output.
```
Orc commander handling request "defend castle"
Orc officer handling request "torture prisoner"
Orc soldier handling request "collect tax"
king.makeRequest(new Request(RequestType.DEFEND_CASTLE, "defend castle")); // Orc commander handling request "defend castle"
king.makeRequest(new Request(RequestType.TORTURE_PRISONER, "torture prisoner")); // Orc officer handling request "torture prisoner"
king.makeRequest(new Request(RequestType.COLLECT_TAX, "collect tax")); // Orc soldier handling request "collect tax"
```
## Class diagram
![alt text](./etc/chain-of-responsibility.urm.png "Chain of Responsibility class diagram")
![alt text](./etc/chain.urm.png "Chain of Responsibility class diagram")
## Applicability
@ -166,7 +156,7 @@ Use Chain of Responsibility when
* You want to issue a request to one of several objects without specifying the receiver explicitly.
* The set of objects that can handle a request should be specified dynamically.
## Known uses
## Real world examples
* [java.util.logging.Logger#log()](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/logging/Logger.html#log%28java.util.logging.Level,%20java.lang.String%29)
* [Apache Commons Chain](https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-chain/index.html)

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@ -29,9 +29,9 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>chain-of-responsibility</artifactId>
<artifactId>chain</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Circuit Breaker
folder: circuit-breaker
permalink: /patterns/circuit-breaker/
categories: Behavioral
language: en
tags:
- Performance
- Decoupling

View File

@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>circuit-breaker</artifactId>
<dependencies>

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Static Content Hosting
folder: cloud-static-content-hosting
permalink: /patterns/cloud-static-content-hosting/
categories: Cloud
language: en
tags:
- Cloud distributed
---

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Collection Pipeline
folder: collection-pipeline
permalink: /patterns/collection-pipeline/
categories: Functional
language: en
tags:
- Reactive
---

View File

@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>collection-pipeline</artifactId>
<dependencies>

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@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Combinator
folder: combinator
permalink: /patterns/combinator/
categories: Idiom
language: en
tags:
- Reactive
---

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@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>combinator</artifactId>

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@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Command
folder: command
permalink: /patterns/command/
categories: Behavioral
language: en
tags:
- Gang of Four
---
@ -19,7 +18,7 @@ Encapsulate a request as an object, thereby letting you parameterize clients wit
requests, queue or log requests, and support undoable operations.
## Explanation
Real-world example
Real world example
> There is a wizard casting spells on a goblin. The spells are executed on the goblin one by one.
> The first spell shrinks the goblin and the second makes him invisible. Then the wizard reverses
@ -135,7 +134,7 @@ public class Goblin extends Target {
}
```
Finally, we have the wizard in the main function casting spells.
Finally we have the wizard in main function who casts spell
```java
public static void main(String[] args) {
@ -202,29 +201,32 @@ Use the Command pattern when you want to:
* Parameterize objects by an action to perform. You can express such parameterization in a
procedural language with a callback function, that is, a function that's registered somewhere to be
called at a later point. Commands are an object-oriented replacement for callbacks.
* Specify, queue, and execute requests at different times. A Command object can have a life
* Specify, queue, and execute requests at different times. A Command object can have a lifetime
independent of the original request. If the receiver of a request can be represented in an address
space-independent way, then you can transfer a command object for the request to a different process
and fulfill the request there.
* Support undo. The Command's execute operation can store state for reversing its effects in the
command itself. The Command interface must have an added un-execute operation that reverses the
effects of a previous call to execute. The executed commands are stored in a history list.
Unlimited-level undo and redo functionality is achieved by traversing this list backward and forward
calling un-execute and execute, respectively.
Unlimited-level undo and redo is achieved by traversing this list backwards and forwards calling
un-execute and execute, respectively.
* Support logging changes so that they can be reapplied in case of a system crash. By augmenting the
Command interface with load and store operations, you can keep a persistent log of changes.
Recovering from a crash involves reloading logged commands from the disk and re-executing them with
Recovering from a crash involves reloading logged commands from disk and re-executing them with
the execute operation.
* Structure a system around high-level operations build on primitive operations. Such a structure is
common in information systems that support transactions. A transaction encapsulates a set of data
changes. The Command pattern offers a way to model transactions. Commands have a common interface,
common in information systems that support transactions. A transaction encapsulates a set of changes
to data. The Command pattern offers a way to model transactions. Commands have a common interface,
letting you invoke all transactions the same way. The pattern also makes it easy to extend the
system with new transactions.
* Keep a history of requests.
* Implement callback functionality.
* Implement the undo functionality.
## Known uses
## Typical Use Case
* To keep a history of requests
* Implement callback functionality
* Implement the undo functionality
## Real world examples
* [java.lang.Runnable](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Runnable.html)
* [org.junit.runners.model.Statement](https://github.com/junit-team/junit4/blob/master/src/main/java/org/junit/runners/model/Statement.java)

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>command</artifactId>
<dependencies>

View File

@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ package com.iluwatar.command;
/**
* The Command pattern is a behavioral design pattern in which an object is used to encapsulate all
* information needed to perform an action or trigger an event at a later time. This information
* includes the method name, the object that owns the method, and values for the method parameters.
* includes the method name, the object that owns the method and values for the method parameters.
*
* <p>Four terms always associated with the command pattern are command, receiver, invoker and
* client. A command object (spell) knows about the receiver (target) and invokes a method of the

View File

@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ title: Commander
folder: commander
permalink: /patterns/commander/
categories: Concurrency
language: en
tags:
- Cloud distributed
---
@ -25,4 +24,4 @@ We need a mechanism in place which can handle these kinds of situations. We have
## Credits
* [Distributed Transactions: The Icebergs of Microservices](https://www.grahamlea.com/2016/08/distributed-transactions-microservices-icebergs/)
* [https://www.grahamlea.com/2016/08/distributed-transactions-microservices-icebergs/]

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@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
<parent>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<version>1.24.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>commander</artifactId>
<dependencies>

View File

@ -1,123 +0,0 @@
---
layout: pattern
title: Composite Entity
folder: composite-entity
permalink: /patterns/composite-entity/
categories: Structural
language: en
tags:
- Enterprise Integration Pattern
---
## Intent
It is used to model, represent, and manage a set of persistent objects that are interrelated, rather than representing them as individual fine-grained entities.
## Explanation
Real world example
> For a console, there may be many interfaces that need to be managed and controlled. Using the composite entity pattern, dependent objects such as messages and signals can be combined together and controlled using a single object.
In plain words
> Composite entity pattern allows a set of related objects to be represented and managed by a unified object.
**Programmatic Example**
We need a generic solution for the problem. To achieve this, let's introduce a generic
Composite Entity Pattern.
```java
public abstract class DependentObject<T> {
T data;
public void setData(T message) {
this.data = message;
}
public T getData() {
return data;
}
}
public abstract class CoarseGrainedObject<T> {
DependentObject<T>[] dependentObjects;
public void setData(T... data) {
IntStream.range(0, data.length).forEach(i -> dependentObjects[i].setData(data[i]));
}
public T[] getData() {
return (T[]) Arrays.stream(dependentObjects).map(DependentObject::getData).toArray();
}
}
```
The specialized composite entity `console` inherit from this base class as follows.
```java
public class MessageDependentObject extends DependentObject<String> {
}
public class SignalDependentObject extends DependentObject<String> {
}
public class ConsoleCoarseGrainedObject extends CoarseGrainedObject<String> {
@Override
public String[] getData() {
super.getData();
return new String[]{
dependentObjects[0].getData(), dependentObjects[1].getData()
};
}
public void init() {
dependentObjects = new DependentObject[]{
new MessageDependentObject(), new SignalDependentObject()};
}
}
public class CompositeEntity {
private final ConsoleCoarseGrainedObject console = new ConsoleCoarseGrainedObject();
public void setData(String message, String signal) {
console.setData(message, signal);
}
public String[] getData() {
return console.getData();
}
}
```
Now managing the assignment of message and signal objects with the composite entity `console`.
```java
var console = new CompositeEntity();
console.init();
console.setData("No Danger", "Green Light");
Arrays.stream(console.getData()).forEach(LOGGER::info);
console.setData("Danger", "Red Light");
Arrays.stream(console.getData()).forEach(LOGGER::info);
```
## Class diagram
![alt text](./etc/composite_entity.urm.png "Composite Entity Pattern")
## Applicability
Use the Composite Entity Pattern in the following situation:
* You want to manage multiple dependency objects through one object to adjust the degree of granularity between objects. At the same time, the lifetime of dependency objects depends on a coarse-grained object.
## Credits
* [Composite Entity Pattern in wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_entity_pattern)

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@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
@startuml
package com.iluwatar.compositeentity {
class App {
+ App(message: String, signal: String)
+ main(args : String[]) {static}
}
class CompositeEntity{
- console : ConsoleCoarseGrainedObject
+ CompositeEntity()
+ setData(message: String, signal: String)
+ getData()
+ init()
}
abstract CoarseGrainedObject{
- dependentObjects : DependentObject[]
+ CoarseGrainedObject()
+ setData(data: T[])
+ getData()
}
abstract DependentObject{
- data : T
+ DependentObject()
+ setData(data: T)
+ getData()
}
class ConsoleCoarseGrainedObject{
+ ConsoleCoarseGrainedObject()
+ getData()
+ init()
}
class MessageDependentObject{
+ MessageDependentObject()
}
class SignalDependentObject{
+ SignalDependentObject()
}
MessageDependentObject --|> DependentObject
SignalDependentObject --|> DependentObject
ConsoleCoarseGrainedObject --|> CoarseGrainedObject
CompositeEntity -right-> ConsoleCoarseGrainedObject
CoarseGrainedObject "1" o--> "0.." DependentObject
App .right.> CompositeEntity
}
@enduml

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@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
The MIT License
Copyright © 2014-2021 Ilkka Seppälä
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.
-->
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>java-design-patterns</artifactId>
<groupId>com.iluwatar</groupId>
<version>1.25.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>composite-entity</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>com.iluwatar.composite-entity.com.iluwatar.compositeentity.App</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

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@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
/*
* The MIT License
* Copyright © 2014-2021 Ilkka Seppälä
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
* THE SOFTWARE.
*/
package com.iluwatar.compositeentity;
import java.util.Arrays;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
/**
* Composite entity is a Java EE Software design pattern and it is used to model, represent, and
* manage a set of interrelated persistent objects rather than representing them as individual
* fine-grained entity beans, and also a composite entity bean represents a graph of objects.
*/
@Slf4j
public class App {
/**
* An instance that a console manages two related objects.
*/
public App(String message, String signal) {
var console = new CompositeEntity();
console.init();
console.setData(message, signal);
Arrays.stream(console.getData()).forEach(LOGGER::info);
console.setData("Danger", "Red Light");
Arrays.stream(console.getData()).forEach(LOGGER::info);
}
/**
* Program entry point.
*
* @param args command line args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
new App("No Danger", "Green Light");
}
}

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@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
/*
* The MIT License
* Copyright © 2014-2021 Ilkka Seppälä
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
* THE SOFTWARE.
*/
package com.iluwatar.compositeentity;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.stream.IntStream;
/**
* A coarse-grained object is an object with its own life cycle manages its own relationships to
* other objects. It can be an object contained in the composite entity, or, composite entity itself
* can be the coarse-grained object which holds dependent objects.
*/
public abstract class CoarseGrainedObject<T> {
DependentObject<T>[] dependentObjects;
public void setData(T... data) {
IntStream.range(0, data.length).forEach(i -> dependentObjects[i].setData(data[i]));
}
public T[] getData() {
return (T[]) Arrays.stream(dependentObjects).map(DependentObject::getData).toArray();
}
}

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@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
/*
* The MIT License
* Copyright © 2014-2021 Ilkka Seppälä
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
* THE SOFTWARE.
*/
package com.iluwatar.compositeentity;
/**
* Composite entity is the coarse-grained entity bean which may be the coarse-grained object, or may
* contain a reference to the coarse-grained object.
*/
public class CompositeEntity {
private final ConsoleCoarseGrainedObject console = new ConsoleCoarseGrainedObject();
public void setData(String message, String signal) {
console.setData(message, signal);
}
public String[] getData() {
return console.getData();
}
public void init() {
console.init();
}
}

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