java-design-patterns/leader-election/src/main/java/com/iluwatar/leaderelection/bully/BullyInstance.java

/*
 * The MIT License
 * Copyright © 2014-2021 Ilkka Seppälä
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 */

package com.iluwatar.leaderelection.bully;

import com.iluwatar.leaderelection.AbstractInstance;
import com.iluwatar.leaderelection.Message;
import com.iluwatar.leaderelection.MessageManager;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

/**
 * Impelemetation with bully algorithm. Each instance should have a sequential id and is able to
 * communicate with other instances in the system. Initially the instance with smallest (or largest)
 * ID is selected to be the leader. All the other instances send heartbeat message to leader
 * periodically to check its health. If one certain instance finds the server done, it will send an
 * election message to all the instances of which the ID is larger. If the target instance is alive,
 * it will return an alive message (in this sample return true) and then send election message with
 * its ID. If not, the original instance will send leader message to all the other instances.
 */
@Slf4j
public class BullyInstance extends AbstractInstance {
  private static final String INSTANCE = "Instance ";

  /**
   * Constructor of BullyInstance.
   */
  public BullyInstance(MessageManager messageManager, int localId, int leaderId) {
    super(messageManager, localId, leaderId);
  }

  /**
   * Process the heartbeat invoke message. After receiving the message, the instance will send a
   * heartbeat to leader to check its health. If alive, it will inform the next instance to do the
   * heartbeat. If not, it will start the election process.
   */
  @Override
  protected void handleHeartbeatInvokeMessage() {
    try {
      boolean isLeaderAlive = messageManager.sendHeartbeatMessage(leaderId);
      if (isLeaderAlive) {
        LOGGER.info(INSTANCE + localId + "- Leader is alive.");
        Thread.sleep(HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL);
        messageManager.sendHeartbeatInvokeMessage(localId);
      } else {
        LOGGER.info(INSTANCE + localId + "- Leader is not alive. Start election.");
        boolean electionResult =
            messageManager.sendElectionMessage(localId, String.valueOf(localId));
        if (electionResult) {
          LOGGER.info(INSTANCE + localId + "- Succeed in election. Start leader notification.");
          messageManager.sendLeaderMessage(localId, localId);
        }
      }
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
      LOGGER.info(INSTANCE + localId + "- Interrupted.");
    }
  }

  /**
   * Process election invoke message. Send election message to all the instances with smaller ID. If
   * any one of them is alive, do nothing. If no instance alive, send leader message to all the
   * alive instance and restart heartbeat.
   */
  @Override
  protected void handleElectionInvokeMessage() {
    if (!isLeader()) {
      LOGGER.info(INSTANCE + localId + "- Start election.");
      boolean electionResult = messageManager.sendElectionMessage(localId, String.valueOf(localId));
      if (electionResult) {
        LOGGER.info(INSTANCE + localId + "- Succeed in election. Start leader notification.");
        leaderId = localId;
        messageManager.sendLeaderMessage(localId, localId);
        messageManager.sendHeartbeatInvokeMessage(localId);
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Process leader message. Update local leader information.
   */
  @Override
  protected void handleLeaderMessage(Message message) {
    leaderId = Integer.valueOf(message.getContent());
    LOGGER.info(INSTANCE + localId + " - Leader update done.");
  }

  private boolean isLeader() {
    return localId == leaderId;
  }

  @Override
  protected void handleLeaderInvokeMessage() {
    // Not used in Bully Instance
  }

  @Override
  protected void handleHeartbeatMessage(Message message) {
    // Not used in Bully Instance
  }

  @Override
  protected void handleElectionMessage(Message message) {
    // Not used in Bully Instance
  }
}