* chore: rename APIs and Microservices to include "Backend" (#42515) * fix typo * fix typo * undo change * Corrected grammar mistake Corrected a grammar mistake by removing a comma. * change APIs and Microservices cert title * update title * Change APIs and Microservices certi title * Update translations.json * update title * feat(curriculum): rename apis and microservices cert * rename folder structure * rename certificate * rename learn Markdown * apis-and-microservices -> back-end-development-and-apis * update backend meta * update i18n langs and cypress test Co-authored-by: Shaun Hamilton <shauhami020@gmail.com> * fix: add development to front-end libraries (#42512) * fix: added-the-word-Development-to-front-end-libraries * fix/added-the-word-Development-to-front-end-libraries * fix/added-word-development-to-front-end-libraries-in-other-related-files * fix/added-the-word-Development-to-front-end-and-all-related-files * fix/removed-typos-from-last-commit-in-index.md * fix/reverted-changes-that-i-made-to-dependecies * fix/removed xvfg * fix/reverted changes that i made to package.json * remove unwanted changes * front-end-development-libraries changes * rename backend certSlug and README * update i18n folder names and keys * test: add legacy path redirect tests This uses serve.json from the client-config repo, since we currently use that in production * fix: create public dir before moving serve.json * fix: add missing script * refactor: collect redirect tests * test: convert to cy.location for stricter tests * rename certificate folder to 00-certificates * change crowdin config to recognise new certificates location * allow translations to be used Co-authored-by: Nicholas Carrigan (he/him) <nhcarrigan@gmail.com> * add forwards slashes to path redirects * fix cypress path tests again * plese cypress * fix: test different challenge Okay so I literally have no idea why this one particular challenge fails in Cypress Firefox ONLY. Tom and I paired and spun a full build instance and confirmed in Firefox the page loads and redirects as expected. Changing to another bootstrap challenge passes Cypress firefox locally. Absolutely boggled by this. AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA * fix: separate the test Okay apparently the test does not work unless we separate it into a different `it` statement. >:( >:( >:( >:( Co-authored-by: Sujal Gupta <55016909+heysujal@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Noor Fakhry <65724923+NoorFakhry@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Oliver Eyton-Williams <ojeytonwilliams@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Nicholas Carrigan (he/him) <nhcarrigan@gmail.com>
133 lines
3.1 KiB
Markdown
133 lines
3.1 KiB
Markdown
---
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id: 587d7dbd367417b2b2512bb6
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title: 用 Mixins 创建可重用 CSS
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challengeType: 0
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forumTopicId: 301455
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dashedName: create-reusable-css-with-mixins
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---
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# --description--
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在 Sass 中,<dfn>mixin</dfn> 是一组 CSS 声明,可以在整个样式表中重复使用。
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CSS 的新功能需要一段时间适配后,所有浏览器后才能完全使用。 随着浏览器的不断升级,使用这些 CSS 规则时可能需要添加浏览器前缀。 考虑 `box-shadow`:
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```scss
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div {
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-webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 4px #fff;
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-moz-box-shadow: 0px 0px 4px #fff;
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-ms-box-shadow: 0px 0px 4px #fff;
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box-shadow: 0px 0px 4px #fff;
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}
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```
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对于所有具有 `box-shadow` 属性的元素重写此规则,或者更改每个值以测试不同的效果,需要花费大量的精力。 Mixins 就像 CSS 的函数。 以下是一个例子:
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```scss
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@mixin box-shadow($x, $y, $blur, $c){
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-webkit-box-shadow: $x $y $blur $c;
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-moz-box-shadow: $x $y $blur $c;
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-ms-box-shadow: $x $y $blur $c;
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box-shadow: $x $y $blur $c;
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}
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```
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定义以 `@mixin` 开头,后跟自定义名称。 参数(`$x`,`$y`,`$blur`,以及上例中的 `$c` )是可选的。 现在在需要 `box-shadow` 规则的地方,只需一行 mixin 调用而无需添加所有的浏览器前缀。 mixin 可以通过 `@include` 指令调用。
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```scss
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div {
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@include box-shadow(0px, 0px, 4px, #fff);
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}
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```
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# --instructions--
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为 `border-radius` 写一个 mixin,并给它一个 `$radius` 参数。 应该使用之前例子中的所有浏览器前缀。 然后使用 `border-radius` mixin 为 `#awesome` 元素提供 `15px` 的边框半径。
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# --hints--
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应声明名为 `border-radius` 的 mixin,其中包含名为 `$radius` 的参数。
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```js
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assert(code.match(/@mixin\s+?border-radius\s*?\(\s*?\$radius\s*?\)\s*?{/gi));
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```
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应该给 `$radius` 添加 `-webkit-border-radius` 浏览器前缀。
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```js
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assert(
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__helpers.removeWhiteSpace(code).match(/-webkit-border-radius:\$radius;/gi)
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);
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```
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应该给 `$radius` 添加 `-moz-border-radius` 浏览器前缀。
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```js
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assert(
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__helpers.removeWhiteSpace(code).match(/-moz-border-radius:\$radius;/gi)
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);
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```
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应该给 `$radius` 添加 `-ms-border-radius` 浏览器前缀。
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```js
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assert(__helpers.removeWhiteSpace(code).match(/-ms-border-radius:\$radius;/gi));
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```
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应该给 `$radius` 添加 `border-radius`。
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```js
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assert(
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__helpers.removeWhiteSpace(code).match(/border-radius:\$radius;/gi).length ==
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4
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);
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```
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应使用 `@include` 关键字调用 `border-radius mixin`,并将其设置为 `15px`。
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```js
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assert(code.match(/@include\s+?border-radius\(\s*?15px\s*?\)\s*;/gi));
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```
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# --seed--
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## --seed-contents--
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```html
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<style type='text/scss'>
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#awesome {
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width: 150px;
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height: 150px;
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background-color: green;
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}
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</style>
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<div id="awesome"></div>
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```
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# --solutions--
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```html
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<style type='text/scss'>
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@mixin border-radius($radius) {
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-webkit-border-radius: $radius;
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-moz-border-radius: $radius;
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-ms-border-radius: $radius;
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border-radius: $radius;
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}
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#awesome {
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width: 150px;
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height: 150px;
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background-color: green;
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@include border-radius(15px);
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}
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</style>
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<div id="awesome"></div>
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```
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