* feat(tools): add seed/solution restore script * chore(curriculum): remove empty sections' markers * chore(curriculum): add seed + solution to Chinese * chore: remove old formatter * fix: update getChallenges parse translated challenges separately, without reference to the source * chore(curriculum): add dashedName to English * chore(curriculum): add dashedName to Chinese * refactor: remove unused challenge property 'name' * fix: relax dashedName requirement * fix: stray tag Remove stray `pre` tag from challenge file. Signed-off-by: nhcarrigan <nhcarrigan@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: nhcarrigan <nhcarrigan@gmail.com>
216 lines
6.2 KiB
Markdown
216 lines
6.2 KiB
Markdown
---
|
||
id: 5a24c314108439a4d4036179
|
||
title: 创建一个可以控制的表单
|
||
challengeType: 6
|
||
forumTopicId: 301384
|
||
dashedName: create-a-controlled-form
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
# --description--
|
||
|
||
上一个挑战展示了 React 能控制某些元素的内部 state,比如`input`和`textarea`,这使得这些元素成为受控组件。这也适用于其他表单元素,包括常规的 HTML 表单`form`元素。
|
||
|
||
# --instructions--
|
||
|
||
`MyForm`组件中是一个带有提交处理程序的空`form`元素,提交处理程序将在提交表单时被调用。
|
||
|
||
我们增加了一个提交表单的按钮。你可以看到它的`type`被设置为`submit`,表明它是控制表单的按钮。在表单中添加`input`元素,并像上次挑战一样设置其`value`和`onChange()`属性。然后,你应该完成`handleSubmit`方法,以便将组件 state 属性`submit`设置为本地`state`下的当前输入值。
|
||
|
||
**注意:** 你还必须在提交处理程序中调用`event.preventDefault()`,以防止默认的表单提交行为刷新网页。
|
||
|
||
最后,在`form`元素之后创建一个`h1`标签,该标签从组件的`state`渲染`submit`的值。然后,你可以在表单中键入任何内容,然后单击按钮(或按 enter 键),你的输入会渲染到页面上。
|
||
|
||
# --hints--
|
||
|
||
`MyForm`应该返回一个包含`form`和`h1`标签的`div`元素,其中,表单中应该包括一个`input`和一个`button`。
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
assert(
|
||
(() => {
|
||
const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyForm));
|
||
return (
|
||
mockedComponent.find('div').children().find('form').length === 1 &&
|
||
mockedComponent.find('div').children().find('h1').length === 1 &&
|
||
mockedComponent.find('form').children().find('input').length === 1 &&
|
||
mockedComponent.find('form').children().find('button').length === 1
|
||
);
|
||
})()
|
||
);
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
`MyForm`的 state 应该用`input`和`submit`属性初始化,且两者都为空字符串。
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
assert(
|
||
Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyForm)).state('input') === '' &&
|
||
Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyForm)).state('submit') === ''
|
||
);
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
`input`元素中的输入应该会更新组件中 state 的`input`属性。
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
async () => {
|
||
const waitForIt = (fn) =>
|
||
new Promise((resolve, reject) => setTimeout(() => resolve(fn()), 250));
|
||
const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyForm));
|
||
const _1 = () => {
|
||
mockedComponent.setState({ input: '' });
|
||
return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent.state('input'));
|
||
};
|
||
const _2 = () => {
|
||
mockedComponent
|
||
.find('input')
|
||
.simulate('change', { target: { value: 'TestInput' } });
|
||
return waitForIt(() => ({
|
||
state: mockedComponent.state('input'),
|
||
inputVal: mockedComponent.find('input').props().value
|
||
}));
|
||
};
|
||
const before = await _1();
|
||
const after = await _2();
|
||
assert(
|
||
before === '' &&
|
||
after.state === 'TestInput' &&
|
||
after.inputVal === 'TestInput'
|
||
);
|
||
};
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
提交表单应该运行`handleSubmit`,它应该将 state 中的`submit`属性设置为当前输入。
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
async () => {
|
||
const waitForIt = (fn) =>
|
||
new Promise((resolve, reject) => setTimeout(() => resolve(fn()), 250));
|
||
const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyForm));
|
||
const _1 = () => {
|
||
mockedComponent.setState({ input: '' });
|
||
mockedComponent.setState({ submit: '' });
|
||
mockedComponent
|
||
.find('input')
|
||
.simulate('change', { target: { value: 'SubmitInput' } });
|
||
return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent.state('submit'));
|
||
};
|
||
const _2 = () => {
|
||
mockedComponent.find('form').simulate('submit');
|
||
return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent.state('submit'));
|
||
};
|
||
const before = await _1();
|
||
const after = await _2();
|
||
assert(before === '' && after === 'SubmitInput');
|
||
};
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
`h1`标题应该从组件的 state 渲染`submit`字段的值。
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
async () => {
|
||
const waitForIt = (fn) =>
|
||
new Promise((resolve, reject) => setTimeout(() => resolve(fn()), 250));
|
||
const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyForm));
|
||
const _1 = () => {
|
||
mockedComponent.setState({ input: '' });
|
||
mockedComponent.setState({ submit: '' });
|
||
mockedComponent
|
||
.find('input')
|
||
.simulate('change', { target: { value: 'TestInput' } });
|
||
return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent.find('h1').text());
|
||
};
|
||
const _2 = () => {
|
||
mockedComponent.find('form').simulate('submit');
|
||
return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent.find('h1').text());
|
||
};
|
||
const before = await _1();
|
||
const after = await _2();
|
||
assert(before === '' && after === 'TestInput');
|
||
};
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
# --seed--
|
||
|
||
## --after-user-code--
|
||
|
||
```jsx
|
||
ReactDOM.render(<MyForm />, document.getElementById('root'));
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## --seed-contents--
|
||
|
||
```jsx
|
||
class MyForm extends React.Component {
|
||
constructor(props) {
|
||
super(props);
|
||
this.state = {
|
||
input: '',
|
||
submit: ''
|
||
};
|
||
this.handleChange = this.handleChange.bind(this);
|
||
this.handleSubmit = this.handleSubmit.bind(this);
|
||
}
|
||
handleChange(event) {
|
||
this.setState({
|
||
input: event.target.value
|
||
});
|
||
}
|
||
handleSubmit(event) {
|
||
// Change code below this line
|
||
|
||
// Change code above this line
|
||
}
|
||
render() {
|
||
return (
|
||
<div>
|
||
<form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
|
||
{/* Change code below this line */}
|
||
|
||
{/* Change code above this line */}
|
||
<button type='submit'>Submit!</button>
|
||
</form>
|
||
{/* Change code below this line */}
|
||
|
||
{/* Change code above this line */}
|
||
</div>
|
||
);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
# --solutions--
|
||
|
||
```jsx
|
||
class MyForm extends React.Component {
|
||
constructor(props) {
|
||
super(props);
|
||
this.state = {
|
||
input: '',
|
||
submit: ''
|
||
};
|
||
this.handleChange = this.handleChange.bind(this);
|
||
this.handleSubmit = this.handleSubmit.bind(this);
|
||
}
|
||
handleChange(event) {
|
||
this.setState({
|
||
input: event.target.value
|
||
});
|
||
}
|
||
handleSubmit(event) {
|
||
event.preventDefault();
|
||
this.setState(state => ({
|
||
submit: state.input
|
||
}));
|
||
}
|
||
render() {
|
||
return (
|
||
<div>
|
||
<form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
|
||
<input value={this.state.input} onChange={this.handleChange} />
|
||
<button type='submit'>Submit!</button>
|
||
</form>
|
||
<h1>{this.state.submit}</h1>
|
||
</div>
|
||
);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|