Oliver Eyton-Williams ee1e8abd87
feat(curriculum): restore seed + solution to Chinese (#40683)
* feat(tools): add seed/solution restore script

* chore(curriculum): remove empty sections' markers

* chore(curriculum): add seed + solution to Chinese

* chore: remove old formatter

* fix: update getChallenges

parse translated challenges separately, without reference to the source

* chore(curriculum): add dashedName to English

* chore(curriculum): add dashedName to Chinese

* refactor: remove unused challenge property 'name'

* fix: relax dashedName requirement

* fix: stray tag

Remove stray `pre` tag from challenge file.

Signed-off-by: nhcarrigan <nhcarrigan@gmail.com>

Co-authored-by: nhcarrigan <nhcarrigan@gmail.com>
2021-01-12 19:31:00 -07:00

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---
id: 587d7fb6367417b2b2512c07
title: 创建一个模型
challengeType: 2
forumTopicId: 301535
dashedName: create-a-model
---
# --description--
**C**RUD 第一小节——CREATE
首先,我们需要一个 Schema架构、模式或纲要详情请参阅[维基百科](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_schema)),每一个 Schema 都对应一个 MongoDB 的 [collection](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/glossary/#term-collection),并且在相应的 collection 里定义 [documents](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/glossary/#term-document) 的“样子”。 Schema 用于组成 Model模型我们甚至可以通过嵌套 Schema 来创建复杂的模型。但是这里我们只学习 Schema 的基础用法。 我们可以根据模型创建实例,模型实例化后的对象称为 documents。
Repl.it 是一个真实的服务器。习惯上,我们会编写函数来处理外界与服务器中数据库的交互,这些函数会在特定事件发生(比如有人调用了我们的服务器 API时执行。接下来的挑战题目即是以此为基础。`done()` 是一个回调函数,它的作用是在一个异步操作(比如对数据库进行插入、查询、更新或删除)执行完成时,通知我们可以继续执行后续的其它代码。这与 Node.js 中的处理方式十分类似,在 Node.js 中,我们会在(异步操作)成功时调用 `done(null, data)`,在失败时调用 `done(err)`
注意:与远程服务器进行交互时,我们需要考虑到发生错误的可能
```js
/* 示例 */
var someFunc = function(done) {
//... do something (risky) ...
if(error) return done(error);
done(null, result);
};
```
# --instructions--
按下面的原型信息创建一个名为 `personSchema` 的 schema
```markup
- Person 的原型 -
--------------------
name : string [required]
age : number
favoriteFoods : array of strings (*)
```
采用 Mongoose 基础 schema 类型。你如果还想添加更多的键,就请使用 required 或 unique 等简单的验证器validators并设置默认值。详情请参考 [Mongoose 文档](http://mongoosejs.com/docs/guide.html)。
请从 `personSchema` 创建一个名为 `Person` 的 model。
# --hints--
应当成功地通过 Mongoose schema 创建实例
```js
(getUserInput) =>
$.post(getUserInput('url') + '/_api/mongoose-model', {
name: 'Mike',
age: 28,
favoriteFoods: ['pizza', 'cheese']
}).then(
(data) => {
assert.equal(data.name, 'Mike', '"model.name" is not what expected');
assert.equal(data.age, '28', '"model.age" is not what expected');
assert.isArray(
data.favoriteFoods,
'"model.favoriteFoods" is not an Array'
);
assert.include(
data.favoriteFoods,
'pizza',
'"model.favoriteFoods" does not include the expected items'
);
assert.include(
data.favoriteFoods,
'cheese',
'"model.favoriteFoods" does not include the expected items'
);
},
(xhr) => {
throw new Error(xhr.responseText);
}
);
```
# --solutions--
```js
/**
Backend challenges don't need solutions,
because they would need to be tested against a full working project.
Please check our contributing guidelines to learn more.
*/
```