Oliver Eyton-Williams ee1e8abd87
feat(curriculum): restore seed + solution to Chinese (#40683)
* feat(tools): add seed/solution restore script

* chore(curriculum): remove empty sections' markers

* chore(curriculum): add seed + solution to Chinese

* chore: remove old formatter

* fix: update getChallenges

parse translated challenges separately, without reference to the source

* chore(curriculum): add dashedName to English

* chore(curriculum): add dashedName to Chinese

* refactor: remove unused challenge property 'name'

* fix: relax dashedName requirement

* fix: stray tag

Remove stray `pre` tag from challenge file.

Signed-off-by: nhcarrigan <nhcarrigan@gmail.com>

Co-authored-by: nhcarrigan <nhcarrigan@gmail.com>
2021-01-12 19:31:00 -07:00

213 lines
4.4 KiB
Markdown
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

---
id: 8d5823c8c441eddfaeb5bdef
title: 创建地图数据结构
challengeType: 1
videoUrl: ''
dashedName: create-a-map-data-structure
---
# --description--
接下来的几个挑战将涵盖地图和哈希表。映射是存储键值对的数据结构。在JavaScript中我们可以将它们作为对象使用。地图可根据键值快速查找存储的项目是非常常见且有用的数据结构。说明让我们开始创建自己的地图。因为JavaScript对象提供了比我们在此处编写的任何内容更有效的地图结构所以这主要是作为学习练习。但是JavaScript对象仅向我们提供某些操作。如果我们想定义自定义操作怎么办使用此处提供的`Map`对象作为JavaScript `object`的包装器。在Map对象上创建以下方法和操作
- `add`接受要添加到地图的`key, value`对。
- `remove`接受一个键并删除关联的`key, value`
- `get`接受一个`key`并返回存储的`value`
- 如果密钥存在`has`接受`key`并返回
<dfn>true</dfn>
否则返回
<dfn>false</dfn>
- `values`返回地图中所有`values`的数组
- `size`返回地图中的项目数
- `clear`清空地图
# --hints--
存在地图数据结构。
```js
assert(
(function () {
var test = false;
if (typeof Map !== 'undefined') {
test = new Map();
}
return typeof test == 'object';
})()
);
```
Map对象具有以下方法addremovegethasvaluesclear和size。
```js
assert(
(function () {
var test = false;
if (typeof Map !== 'undefined') {
test = new Map();
}
return (
typeof test.add == 'function' &&
typeof test.remove == 'function' &&
typeof test.get == 'function' &&
typeof test.has == 'function' &&
typeof test.values == 'function' &&
typeof test.clear == 'function' &&
typeof test.size == 'function'
);
})()
);
```
add方法将项添加到地图中。
```js
assert(
(function () {
var test = false;
if (typeof Map !== 'undefined') {
test = new Map();
}
test.add(5, 6);
test.add(2, 3);
test.add(2, 5);
return test.size() == 2;
})()
);
```
has方法对于添加的项返回true对于缺少的项返回false。
```js
assert(
(function () {
var test = false;
if (typeof Map !== 'undefined') {
test = new Map();
}
test.add('test', 'value');
return test.has('test') && !test.has('false');
})()
);
```
get方法接受键作为输入并返回关联的值。
```js
assert(
(function () {
var test = false;
if (typeof Map !== 'undefined') {
test = new Map();
}
test.add('abc', 'def');
return test.get('abc') == 'def';
})()
);
```
values方法将存储在映射中的所有值作为数组中的字符串返回。
```js
assert(
(function () {
var test = false;
if (typeof Map !== 'undefined') {
test = new Map();
}
test.add('a', 'b');
test.add('c', 'd');
test.add('e', 'f');
var vals = test.values();
return (
vals.indexOf('b') != -1 &&
vals.indexOf('d') != -1 &&
vals.indexOf('f') != -1
);
})()
);
```
clear方法清空映射size方法返回映射中存在的项目数。
```js
assert(
(function () {
var test = false;
if (typeof Map !== 'undefined') {
test = new Map();
}
test.add('b', 'b');
test.add('c', 'd');
test.remove('asdfas');
var init = test.size();
test.clear();
return init == 2 && test.size() == 0;
})()
);
```
# --seed--
## --seed-contents--
```js
var Map = function() {
this.collection = {};
// Only change code below this line
// Only change code above this line
};
```
# --solutions--
```js
var Map = function() {
this.collection = {};
// Only change code below this line
this.add = function(key,value) {
this.collection[key] = value;
}
this.remove = function(key) {
delete this.collection[key];
}
this.get = function(key) {
return this.collection[key];
}
this.has = function(key) {
return this.collection.hasOwnProperty(key)
}
this.values = function() {
return Object.values(this.collection);
}
this.size = function() {
return Object.keys(this.collection).length;
}
this.clear = function() {
for(let item of Object.keys(this.collection)) {
delete this.collection[item];
}
}
// Only change code above this line
};
```